RF Calculator

Perform common radio frequency calculations including wavelength, VSWR, and power conversions.

Wavelength from Frequency

MHz

VSWR from Forward and Reflected Power

W
W

dBm to Watts Conversion

dBm
W

RF Formulas

Key formulas used in radio frequency engineering.

Wavelength Calculation

λ = (c × VF) / f

Where c = speed of light (3 × 108 m/s), VF = velocity factor, f = frequency in Hz.

VSWR Calculation

VSWR = (1 + √(Pr / Pf)) / (1 - √(Pr / Pf))

Where Pf = Forward Power, Pr = Reflected Power.

dBm to Watts Conversion

P(W) = 10(P(dBm) - 30) / 10

Where P(W) is power in Watts, P(dBm) is power in dBm.

Common RF Applications and Frequencies

Application Typical Frequency Range
AM Radio535 kHz - 1.7 MHz
FM Radio88 MHz - 108 MHz
Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz)2.4 GHz - 2.5 GHz
Wi-Fi (5 GHz)5.1 GHz - 5.8 GHz
Bluetooth2.4 GHz - 2.485 GHz
GPS1.1 GHz - 1.6 GHz
Cellular (4G/5G)700 MHz - 6 GHz (varies by band)

Frequently Asked Questions

What is RF?

RF stands for Radio Frequency, which refers to the oscillation rate of an alternating electric current or voltage or of a magnetic, electric or electromagnetic field or mechanical system in the frequency range from around 20 kHz to around 300 GHz.

What is VSWR?

VSWR stands for Voltage Standing Wave Ratio. It is a measure of how efficiently radio frequency power is transmitted from a power source, through a transmission line, into a load (e.g., an antenna). A VSWR of 1:1 indicates a perfect match, meaning all power is delivered to the load.

How is wavelength calculated in RF?

Wavelength (λ) is calculated by dividing the speed of light (c) by the frequency (f): λ = c / f. For practical purposes, especially with transmission lines, a velocity factor (VF) is often included: λ = (c × VF) / f.