ls -r Command

The ls -r command in Linux is used to list the contents of a directory in reverse order. By default, ls sorts files and directories alphabetically. The -r option reverses this sorting order, whether it's alphabetical, by time, or by size.

Syntax

ls -r [OPTION]... [FILE]...

Description

The -r (or --reverse) option modifies the sorting behavior of the ls command. It's particularly useful when combined with other sorting options like -t (sort by time) or -S (sort by size) to get results in ascending order instead of the default descending order.

Key aspects of ls -r:

  • Reverses the default alphabetical sort order.
  • Reverses the time sort order (oldest first when combined with -t).
  • Reverses the size sort order (smallest first when combined with -S).
  • Applicable to both files and directories.

Common Options (with -r)

Option Description
-l Use a long listing format (e.g., ls -lr).
-t Sort by modification time, newest first (ls -rt for oldest first).
-S Sort by file size, largest first (ls -rS for smallest first).
-h With -l, print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K, 234M, 2G).
-a Do not ignore entries starting with . (hidden files).

Examples

List files in reverse alphabetical order

ls -r
# Example Output: z_file.txt y_file.txt x_file.txt

Lists files and directories in reverse alphabetical order.

List files by modification time, oldest first

ls -rt

Combines reverse (-r) with sort by time (-t) to show oldest files first.

List files by size, smallest first

ls -rS

Combines reverse (-r) with sort by size (-S) to show smallest files first.

Long listing in reverse alphabetical order

ls -lr

Provides detailed information in long format, sorted in reverse alphabetical order.

List all files (including hidden) in reverse alphabetical order

ls -ar

Shows all files, including hidden ones, sorted in reverse alphabetical order.

See also